Author: Garman, 1913
Field Marks:
Stocky broad-headed scyliorhinids with greatly expanded anterior nasal flaps that reach mouth, nasoral grooves, dorsolateral gill slits, and anal fin about as large as equal sized dorsals.
Diagnostic Features:
Body not tadpole-shaped, fairly stout and spindle shaped, tapering slightly to caudal fin; body firm and thick-skinned, with well-calcified dermal denticles; stomach not inflatable; tail moderately long, length from vent to lower caudal origin about 4/5 of snout-vent length. Head depressed, narrowly rounded in lateral view and not wedge-shaped; head short, less than 1/5 of total length in adults; snout short, less than 2/3 of mouth width, thick, slightly flattened, and bluntly pointed in lateral view; snout not expanded laterally, broadly rounded but not bell-shaped in dorsoventral view; ampullal pores not greatly enlarged on snout; nostrils very large, with incurrent apertures only partly open to exterior; anterior nasal flaps very broadly triangular, without barbels, nearly meeting at the midline of the snout and overlapping mouth; internarial space less than 0.5 times in nostril width; broad nasoral grooves present, connecting excurrent apertures with mouth and covered by expanded anterior nasal flaps; eyes dorsolateral on head, broad subocular ridges present below eyes; mouth short and broadly rounded, with lower symphysis covering upper so that upper teeth are not visible in ventral view; labial furrows present along both upper and lower jaws, these moderately long but ending somewhat behind level of upper symphysis of mouth; branchial region not greatly enlarged distance from spiracles to fifth gill slits about 2/5 of head length; gill slits dorsolateral on head. Two dorsal fins present, about equal-sized, origin of first varying from over last third of pelvic bases to about over their insertions; origin of second dorsal over or slightly behind the anal midbase; pectoral fins moderately large, their width subequal or somewhat greater than mouth width; inner margins of pelvic fins not fused over claspers in adult males; claspers moderately long, fairly thick, and distally pointed, extending about half of their lengths behind the pelvic fin tips; anal fin moderately large but not greatly elongate, about as large as dorsal and pelvic fins, its base length subequal to about 1.3 times second dorsal base; origin of anal well behind pelvic bases, and insertion separated from lower caudal origin by a broad space subequal to the anal base; caudal fin fairly short and broad, about a fifth of total length in adults. No crests of denticles on the caudal margins; supraorbital crests absent from cranium. Colour golden brown without a conspicuous colour pattern, or marked with dark blotches, saddles, and white spots.
Remarks:
This genus was reviewed by Bass, D'Aubrey and Kistanasamy (1975a) and Springer (1979).